Definition and Function of Stem

Stem is one part of the plant that is very important and a crutch or body for the plant.

Natures and shapes of stem

1. Generally, stem shape is spherical length like a cylinder or can also have other shapes, but always be actinomorphic; it means that a number of fields can be divided into two symmetric parts.

2. It consists of segments as the place of plant branch

3. The growth is usually upward, toward the light which is fototrope / heliotrope.

4. It always lengthens in the tip. So, it is called stem that has unlimited growth.

5. Stems conduct branching and plant is not prolapsed during the life, except sometimes branches or small twigs.

6. Generally it is not green, except plants that have short age, for example, grass and young stems.

Functions of Stem

1. Supporting the parts of plant above ground, such as leaves, flowers and fruit.

2. Extending assimilation by the branching.

3. The transporting way of water and food substances is from the bottom to top and the transporting way of assimilation results is from the top to bottom.

4. Being storage of food reserve substances.

On the type of plants that the outer stems are covered by leather, there is cambium then wood.